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Diadochi (dīăd'əkī) [Gr.,=successors], the Macedonian generals and administrators who succeeded Alexander the Great. Alexander's empire, the largest that the world had known to that time, was quickly built. At his death in 323 B.C. it disintegrated... See more

Diadochi (dīăd'əkī) [Gr.,=successors], the Macedonian generals and administrators who succeeded Alexander the Great. Alexander's empire, the largest that the world had known to that time, was quickly built. At his death in 323 B.C. it disintegrated even more quickly. Alexander's more important followers, later known as the Diadochi, sought to increase their personal power in a bloody scramble. Chief among them were Antipater, Perdiccas, Eumenes, Craterus, Antigonus (Antigonus I), Ptolemy (Ptolemy I), Seleucus (Seleucus I), and Lysimachus. The first struggle was over the regency; theoretically Alexander's feeble-minded brother, Philip, and also Alexander's posthumous son by Roxana had the real claim to the inheritance. Perdiccas had the regency (323–322), in effect if not in name, to which Antipater also had claim. Eumenes supported Perdiccas, while Antigonus, Ptolemy, and Craterus supported Antipater. In 321, battle was joined; the allies of Antipater won, although Craterus was killed.... See less

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The conquests of Alexander the Great brought Egypt within the orbit of the Greek world for almost 900 years. After 300 years of rule by the Macedonian Ptolemies, Egypt was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 30 BC, and was ruled first from Rome and... See more

The conquests of Alexander the Great brought Egypt within the orbit of the Greek world for almost 900 years. After 300 years of rule by the Macedonian Ptolemies, Egypt was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 30 BC, and was ruled first from Rome and then from Constantinople until the Persian and Arab conquests in 616 and 639 respectively. See less

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The Battle of Ipsus was fought between some of the Diadochi (the successors of Alexander the Great) in 301 BC near the village of that name in Phrygia. Antigonus I Monophthalmus and his son Demetrius I of Macedon were pitted against the coalition of... See more

The Battle of Ipsus was fought between some of the Diadochi (the successors of Alexander the Great) in 301 BC near the village of that name in Phrygia. Antigonus I Monophthalmus and his son Demetrius I of Macedon were pitted against the coalition of three other companions of Alexander: Cassander, ruler of Macedon; Lysimachus, ruler of Thrace; and Seleucus I Nicator, ruler of Babylonia and Persia. Antigonus was 80 years old and the ruler of modern day Syria, Turkey, Lebanon, and Judea. His army was huge and had defeated many enemies. He had 75 war elephants. His enemies had a somewhat smaller force (believed to be around 60,000 men), but they had Seleucus and some 400 elephants. This was the only major European battle in which both sides employed Indian war elephants. Except Plutarch's life of Demetrius, almost no histories have survived with an account of the battle. Both sides deployed there phalanxes in the centre, both sides also deployed there light infantry and elephants ahead of... See less

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The Antigonid dynasty was a dynasty of Macedonian kings descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed"). Antigonus himself ruled mostly over Asia Minor and northern Syria. His attempts to take control of the... See more

The Antigonid dynasty was a dynasty of Macedonian kings descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed"). Antigonus himself ruled mostly over Asia Minor and northern Syria. His attempts to take control of the whole of Alexander's empire led to his defeat and death at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC. Antigonus's son Demetrius I Poliorcetes survived the battle, and managed to seize control of Macedon itself a few years later, but eventually lost his throne, dying in prison. After a period of confusion, Demetrius's son Antigonus II Gonatas was able to establish the family's control over the old Kingdom of Macedon, as well as over most of the Greek city-states, by 276 BC. It was one of three such empires, the others being the Seleucid dynasty and Ptolemaic dynasty. The dynasty ended with the Roman domination of the area after the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC. The members of the Antingonid dynasty were: See less

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Antigonus I (Antigonus the One-Eyed or Antigonus Cyclops) (ăntig'ənəs sī'klo˘ps), 382?–301 B.C., general of Alexander the Great and ruler in Asia. He was made (333 B.C.) governor of Phrygia, and after the death of Alexander he was advanced by the... See more

Antigonus I (Antigonus the One-Eyed or Antigonus Cyclops) (ăntig'ənəs sī'klo˘ps), 382?–301 B.C., general of Alexander the Great and ruler in Asia. He was made (333 B.C.) governor of Phrygia, and after the death of Alexander he was advanced by the friendship of Antipater, who with Ptolemy I and Craterus, supported Antigonus in 321 against Perdiccas and Eumenes. In the wars of the Diadochi, Antigonus was the leading figure because he seems to have had the best chance to re-create Alexander's empire. He had control of Asia Minor, Syria, and Mesopotamia at the time (316) when Eumenes was murdered. His great power, however, ultimately caused Lysimachus, Seleucus I, and Ptolemy I to unite against him. Antigonus' son, Demetrius Poliorcretes (later Demetrius I of Macedon), was an able agent in the bid to build the empire by invading Greece; Antigonus defeated (306) Ptolemy, but both Antigonus and Ptolemy were conquered at the battle at Ipsus (301). Antigonus was killed. See less

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To the north of Greece lay the territory of Macedonia, a nation whose origins lay in an invasion of the area by a Nordic tribe some time during the great Nordic migrations which occurred from around 5000 BC onwards. Archaeological investigations have... See more

To the north of Greece lay the territory of Macedonia, a nation whose origins lay in an invasion of the area by a Nordic tribe some time during the great Nordic migrations which occurred from around 5000 BC onwards. Archaeological investigations have revealed how Nordic the Macedonians were - particularly in contrast to the peoples who, by the time of the first Macedonian expeditions, made up the majority of the inhabitants of southern Greece. See less